Minusinsk
Minusinsk
Минусинск | |
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Location of Minusinsk  | |
  Minusinsk Location of Minusinsk  Minusinsk Minusinsk (Krasnoyarsk Krai) | |
| Coordinates: 53°42′N 91°41′E / 53.700°N 91.683°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Krasnoyarsk Krai[1] |
| Founded | 1739 |
| Town status since | 1822 |
| Elevation | 250 m (820 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 71,170 |
| • Rank | 220th in 2010 |
| • Subordinated to | krai town of Minusinsk[1] |
| • Capital of | krai town of Minusinsk,[1] Minusinsky District[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Minusinsk Urban Okrug[3] |
| • Capital of | Minusinsk Urban Okrug,[3] Minusinsky Municipal District[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (MSK+4  [5]) |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 662600 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 39132 |
| OKTMO ID | 04723000001 |
| Website | minusinsk |
Minusinsk (Russian: Минуси́нск; Khakas: Минсуғ, romanized: Minsuğ) is a historical town in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. Population: 71,170 (2010 Census);[2] 72,561 (2002 Census);[7] 72,942 (1989 Soviet census);[8] 44,500 (1973).
History
[edit]"About 330-200 B.C. the iron age triumphed at Minusinsk, producing spiked axes, partly bronze and partly iron, and a group of large collective burial places." Greco-Roman funerary masks, like those found at Pazyryk, make up the "Minusinsk group: at Trifonova, Bateni, Beya, Kali, Znamenka, etc." "The Indo-European aristocracy with its Sarmatian connections was succeeded at Minusinsk by the Kirghiz after the third century A.D."[9]
The Russian settlement of Minyusinskoye (Минюсинское) was founded in 1739-1740[10] at the confluence of the Minusa River with the Yenisei. The Turkic Min Usa means "my brook",[11] or "thousand rivers".[12] The name transformed to Minusinskoye (Минусинское) in 1810.
By 1822, Minusinsk had emerged as a regional center of farming and transit trade and was granted town status.[10] During the 19th century, it was a node of cultural activities for a very large area. The Martyanov Natural History Museum was opened there in 1877.[10] It is still very active and publishes a quite useful annual report of its scientific findings, meetings, etc.
The town was also a place of political exile. George Kennan wrote in his very influential book Siberia and the Exile System (NY 1891) of the town and the museum being an intellectual haven for those tsarist political activists and revolutionaries who had been exiled from European Russia in the 1880s. Vladimir Lenin used to visit Minusinsk on numerous occasions when he was in exile in the nearby village of Shushenskoye between 1897 and 1900. In November 1918, during the Russian Civil War, Minusinsk peasants started a short-lived rebellion against the White Army because of extortion and high taxes. However, poor equipment and supplies led to eventual defeat in the December, and the rebels were subjected to execution, exile, prison or fines.[13]
Administrative and municipal status
[edit]Within the framework of administrative divisions, Minusinsk serves as the administrative center of Minusinsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is, together with the urban-type settlement of Zelyony Bor, incorporated separately as the krai town of Minusinsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the krai town of Minusinsk is incorporated as Minusinsk Urban Okrug.[3]
Geography
[edit]Minusinsk marks the center of the Minusinsk Hollow, one of the most important archaeological areas north of Pazyryk. It is associated with the Afanasevo, Tashtyk, and Tagar cultures—all of them named after settlements in the vicinity of Minusinsk.
Climate
[edit]Minusinsk has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb/Dwb), with very cold winters and warm summers. Precipitation is quite low, but is much higher from June to September than at other times of the year.[citation needed]
| Climate data for Minusinsk | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 6.7 (44.1) |
10.3 (50.5) |
24.2 (75.6) |
33.0 (91.4) |
37.7 (99.9) |
38.2 (100.8) |
39.3 (102.7) |
37.7 (99.9) |
35.5 (95.9) |
25.8 (78.4) |
16.1 (61.0) |
7.0 (44.6) |
39.3 (102.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −11.5 (11.3) |
−7.1 (19.2) |
2.4 (36.3) |
12.8 (55.0) |
20.0 (68.0) |
25.7 (78.3) |
27.3 (81.1) |
24.9 (76.8) |
17.6 (63.7) |
9.1 (48.4) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
−9.0 (15.8) |
9.2 (48.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −17.8 (0.0) |
−14.9 (5.2) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
5.0 (41.0) |
11.7 (53.1) |
18.0 (64.4) |
20.2 (68.4) |
17.3 (63.1) |
10.1 (50.2) |
2.6 (36.7) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
−14.2 (6.4) |
2.2 (36.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −23.3 (−9.9) |
−21.2 (−6.2) |
−11.6 (11.1) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
3.8 (38.8) |
10.6 (51.1) |
13.5 (56.3) |
10.7 (51.3) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
−10.9 (12.4) |
−19.3 (−2.7) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −52.2 (−62.0) |
−50.3 (−58.5) |
−46.7 (−52.1) |
−32.3 (−26.1) |
−10.9 (12.4) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
2.7 (36.9) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
−11.5 (11.3) |
−24.0 (−11.2) |
−42.9 (−45.2) |
−49.4 (−56.9) |
−52.2 (−62.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 8 (0.3) |
7 (0.3) |
9 (0.4) |
18 (0.7) |
34 (1.3) |
66 (2.6) |
69 (2.7) |
68 (2.7) |
49 (1.9) |
25 (1.0) |
16 (0.6) |
11 (0.4) |
380 (14.9) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 11.7 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 11.0 | 10.0 | 10.7 | 12.7 | 12.1 | 10.0 | 12.7 | 11.3 | 14.8 | 132 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 79.5 | 74.9 | 70.5 | 60.6 | 56.5 | 64.4 | 71.2 | 71.9 | 69.1 | 75.6 | 73.4 | 76.9 | 70.4 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 74.4 | 96.7 | 189.1 | 216.0 | 254.2 | 276.0 | 272.8 | 232.5 | 165.0 | 105.4 | 84.0 | 49.6 | 2,015.7 |
| Source: climatebase.ru (1927-2012)[14] | |||||||||||||
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1897 | 10,231 | — |
| 1926 | 20,400 | +99.4% |
| 1939 | 31,354 | +53.7% |
| 1959 | 38,318 | +22.2% |
| 1970 | 40,763 | +6.4% |
| 1979 | 56,237 | +38.0% |
| 1989 | 72,942 | +29.7% |
| 2002 | 72,561 | −0.5% |
| 2010 | 71,170 | −1.9% |
| 2021 | 70,089 | −1.5% |
| Source: Census data | ||
Council of Deputies
[edit]The seventh convocation of the City Council was elected on the single voting day in 2022 using a mixed majority-proportional system. The composition included 22 deputies - 11 under the majoritarian system, 11 under the proportional system with a barrier of 5%.[15]
| Party | By district | By list | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| United Russia | 11 | 6 | 17 |
| Communist Party of the Russian Federation | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Green Party | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Liberal Democratic Party of Russia | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| A Just Russia | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 11 | 11 | 22 |
The Chairman of the Minusinsk City Council of Deputies since 5 October 2022 is Larisa Ivanovna Chumachenko.
Culture
[edit] |
- Minusinsk Drama Theater
Established in 1882 as an amateur theatrical society, the Minusinsk Drama Theater was known as the "Sovtheater" from 1920 to 1930. The theater building was constructed on the initiative of the exiled Kon F.Y. and funded mainly by the fire society. In the beginning, the theater was on the second floor and the fire department took up the first floor. The modern Minusinsk Drama Theater performs in this building until today. Milestones in the theater performances were 'Vasilisa Melentyeva' by Alexander Ostrovsky, 'Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich' by Alexey Tolstoy, 'Death Squadron' by A. Korneichuk, 'Destiny' by Petr Proskurin, 'Is Not Listed' by Boris Vasiliev. A performance of Alexei Cherkasov's drama “Hop” won the Stanislavsky State Prize.
- The Martyanov Natural History Museum (Museum of Local Lore)
The main attraction of the town is The Martyanov Natural History Museum. Based in 1877, it is one of the oldest in Siberia and first museum in the Yenisei's guberniya (province).
- Museum of Decembrists in Minusinsk
- Memorial building of Krzhizhanovsky and Starkov
- Minusink Art Gallery
- Museum "Automobiles And Motor Vehicles Of The Soviet Union"
Twin towns and sister cities
[edit]Minusinsk is twinned with:
Norilsk, Russia
References
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g Law #10-4765
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ a b c Law #13-3049
- ^ Law #13-3022
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Grousset, Rene (1970). The Empire of the Steppes. Rutgers University Press. pp. 17-19, 66-67. ISBN 0-8135-1304-9.
- ^ a b c Н. И. Дроздов, В. С. Боровец "Енисейский энциклопедический словарь". Krasnoyarsk, 1998 (ISBN 5883290051), pp. 391.
- ^ Мой Красноярск [My Krasnoyarsk] (in Russian). Krasnoyarsk Administration/Siberian Federal University Internet Center. Retrieved August 24, 2009.
- ^ Минусинск [Minusinsk] (in Russian). Народная энциклопедия городов и регионов России (The People's Encyclopedia of cities and regions of Russia). Retrieved August 24, 2009.
- ^ Минусинское восстание [Minusinsk Rebellion] (in Russian). ХРОНОС. Retrieved April 12, 2014.
- ^ "Minusinsk, Russia". Climatebase.ru. Retrieved January 23, 2013.
- ^ "Центральная избирательная комиссия Российской Федерации" [Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation]. www.krasnoyarsk.vybory.izbirkom.ru. Archived from the original on May 10, 2021. Retrieved May 8, 2021.
Sources
[edit]- Законодательное собрание Красноярского края. Закон №10-4765 от 10 июня 2010 г. «О перечне административно-территориальных единиц и территориальных единиц Красноярского края», в ред. Закона №7-3007 от 16 декабря 2014 г. «Об изменении административно-территориального устройства Большеулуйского района и о внесении изменений в Закон края "О перечне административно-территориальных единиц и территориальных единиц Красноярского края"». Вступил в силу 1 июля 2010 г. Опубликован: "Ведомости высших органов государственной власти Красноярского края", №33(404), 5 июля 2010 г. (Legislative Assembly of Krasnoyarsk Krai. Law #10-4765 of June 10, 2010 On the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and the Territorial Units of Krasnoyarsk Krai, as amended by the Law #7-3007 of December 16, 2014 On Changing the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Bolsheuluysky District and on Amending the Krai Law "On the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and the Territorial Units of Krasnoyarsk Krai". Effective as of July 1, 2010.).
- Законодательное собрание Красноярского края. Закон №13-3049 от 18 февраля 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципального образования город Минусинск и о наделении его статусом городского округа», в ред. Закона №5-1826 от 21 ноября 2013 г. «О внесении изменений в Законы края об установлении границ и наделении соответствующим статусом муниципальных образований Красноярского края». Вступил в силу через десять дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости высших органов государственной власти Красноярского края", №9, 4 марта 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Krasnoyarsk Krai. Law #13-3049 of February 18, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formation of the Town of Minusinsk and on Granting It Urban Okrug Status, as amended by the Law #5-1826 of November 21, 2013 On Amending the Krai Laws on Establishing the Borders and Granting an Appropriate Status to the Municipal Formations of Krasnoyarsk Krai. Effective as of the day ten days after the official publication.).
- Законодательное собрание Красноярского края. Закон №13-3022 от 18 февраля 2005 г. «Об установлении границ и наделении соответствующим статусом муниципального образования Минусинский район и находящихся в его границах иных муниципальных образований», в ред. Закона №7-2410 от 18 ноября 2008 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон края «Об установлении границ и наделении соответствующим статусом муниципального образования Минусинский район и находящихся в его границах иных муниципальных образований»». Вступил в силу через десять дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ведомости высших органов государственной власти Красноярского края", №9, 4 марта 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Krasnoyarsk Krai. Law #13-3022 of February 18, 2005 On Establishing the Borders and Granting an Appropriate Status to the Municipal Formation of Minusinsky District and to Other Municipal Formations Within Its Borders, as amended by the Law #7-2410 of November 18, 2008 On Amending the Krai Law "On Establishing the Borders and Granting an Appropriate Status to the Municipal Formation of Minusinsky District and to Other Municipal Formations Within Its Borders". Effective as of ten days after the official publication.).
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